The Indian
Constitution is based on the official English text, consolidated up to
the Constitution (Seventy-eighth Amendment) Act, 1995 [30 Aug 1995]. The
75th to 78th Amendments have been kindly provided by Prof. Aggrawal in Jan
1997. Cross-references have only been added up to Article 181. } The
Constitution of India was drafted by
the Constituent Assembly. The Constituent Assembly held its first sitting
on the 9th December, 1946. It reassembled on the 14th August, 1947, as the
sovereign Constituent Assembly for the Dominion of India. The proposed
Constitution had been outlined by various committees of the Assembly like:
a) Union Constitution Committee
b) The Union Powers Committee
c) Committee on Fundamental Rights.
It was after a general discussion on the reports of these Committees that
the Assembly appointed a Drafting Committee on the 29th August, 1947. The
Drafting Committee, under the Chairmanship of Dr. Ambedkar, embodied the
decision of the Assembly with alternative and additional proposals in the
form of a 'Draft Constitution of India which was published in February,
1948. The Constituent Assembly next met in November, 1948, to consider the
provisions of the Draft, clause by clause. After several sessions the
consideration of the clauses or second reading was completed by the 17th
October, 1949. The Constituent Assembly again sat on the 14th November,
1949, for the third reading and finished it on the 26th November, 1949, on
which date the Constitution received the signature of the President of the
Assembly and was declared as passed. The provisions relating to
citizenship, elections, provisional Parliament, temporary and transitional
provisions, were given immediate effect, i.e., from November 26, 1949. The
rest of the Constitution came into force on the 26th January, 1950, and
this date is referred to in the Constitution as the Date of its
Commencement.
Preamble : WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute
India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC...
Fundamental Rights : Indian Government have provided six basic rights to
every citizen India. So, as to provide a democratic environment for the
people of India to live in. Here, we are describing each fundamental right
in detail to help you in understanding our constitution.
Fundamental Duties : These Fundamental rights have been provided at the
cost of some fundamental duties. These are considered as the duties that
must be and should be performed by every citizen of India.
Official Languages of India: Subject to the provisions of
articles 346 and 347, the Legislature of a State may by law adopt any one
or more of the languages in use in the State or Hindi as the language or
languages to be used for all or any of the official purposes
Articles :
Part I - consists of Articles 1 - 4 on the Union
and its Territory Part II - consists of Articles 5 - 11 on
Citizenship. Part III - consists of Articles 12 - 35 on
Fundamental Rights. Part IV - consists of Articles 36 - 51 on
Directive Principles of State Policy. Part V - consists of Articles on The Union.
|
